week 3. situated visualization & discourse analysis

situated visualization
1. with sketch:
 

Sketching and Ideation Activities for Situated Visualization Design

2. with photos 

Botanical Printer: An Exploration on Interaction Design with Plantness

3. with (mock-up) prototype

Time-Turner: Data Engagement Through Everyday Objects in the Home

In speculative design, maybe with props (道具)

4. with booklet:

Bespoke Booklets: A Method for Situated Co-Speculation

5. with stickers

Exploring The Future of Data-Driven Product Design

Case study:

IoT speculation with "app LOGO" attached on home appliance (situated methods)

v.s.

Newspapers Do Work: Quick and Effective Entanglement Material for Speculation (workshop collage)

A. Light. 2006. Adding method to meaning: A technique for exploring peoples’ experience with digital products. Behaviour and Information Technology 25, 2, 175--187.

Ann Light 的論文  "為意義增添方法" (Adding method to meaning) [1]，詳細的描述了麥卡錫與萊特所定義的經驗一詞的特性與範疇，並且提出了具體的研究方法，以及實際的"經驗研究"個案。Light 提出了兩個步驟來研究經驗: (1) 外顯化資料收集 (explicitation data-gathering)， (2) 論述分析 (discourse analysis)。第一部分注重喚起 (evocation)參與者在經驗當下的種種感官與知覺事實，訪談的技巧側重在參與者的描述而刻意避免自我解釋；第二部分則更深入探究這些親身經驗 (felt experience)中的動機與解釋，訪談的方向從第一部分的"甚麼" (what)，轉向"為何"(why)、"如何"(how)。這時候，互動設計研究者的角色轉趨重要，必須隨時動態改變，以期達到麥卡錫與萊特所謂的"意義創造的自身對話性"(intrinsic dialogicality of meaning making)，研究者要細心聆聽，並適度參與對話，引發參與者的深度反思與對話。最後根據訪談所得到的說明 (accounts)，分析出質性的洞見 (insights) 與主題 (themes)。

論述分析 (Discourse Analysis) 的精神與方法
What is a proper method to interpret Cultural Probes? DA? Mixed Methods? (example: Designing to Support Social Connectedness: The Case of SnowGlobe)

Notice the use of Language
What are the codes (segments) and variations?
ex.  codes: Object-Practice-Meaning Framework (only for example)
       variations: self-presentation - others - emotional degree (only for example)

Reference:

1. http://interactionpodium.blogspot.com/2014/12/opa.html
2.  https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010723484 

(對話、論述研究法與文件分析，作者： Tim Rapley)

  http://www.weber.com.tw/document/pdf/SR07-007-01.pdf (第一章:論述研究法)

Discourse Analysis 練習

第六章，"關於對話"重點:
1. 將對話內容當作一種社會行動加以理解
2. 梅納德 (Maynard) 觀點-展示順序 (perspective-display sequence)
3. 注重談話旨在表現的行動，以及被選來表現該行動的工具
4. 詞彙選擇及分類
5. 結構組織 (言談的序列結構)
6. 對於說話者面向之一的觀察 (安排或引導方向)
7.由社會體制觀察拒絕與異議 (偏好，接受則明快，拒絕則遲疑)